Monday, April 22, 2013

Other Neurogenic Voice Disorders

Overview & Cause:


Other Neurologic Diseases may cause voice disorders or voice problems may develop as a symptom of the following disorders:
  • Parkinson's Disease (PD): a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system, symptoms include motor impairments due to death of dopamine generating cells in the mid brain. Motor impairments include: shaking, rigidity, slowness of initiation to start moving or speaking. Can see tremor in the hands or entire body and gait when walking. The voice can become dysphonic or in severe cases aphonic. The voice may be hoarse and breathy, monopitch and monoloud.
  • Myasthenia Gravis (MG): chronic autoimmune disease causing weakness and fatigue. Can affect voluntary muscles of the body such as: the eyes, the mouth, the throat and the limbs. Voice may be breathy, monotone. monoloudness, voice fatigues with use- recover with rest.
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS, a.k.a. Lou Gherig's disease): neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, upper motor neuron (UMN) or lower motor neuron (LMN). Symptoms include: LMN symptoms: atrophy, fasciculations, weakness and UMN symptoms: tight, stiff muscles, spasticity/rigidity and exaggerated reflexes (Hypereflexia) dysphagia (swallowing difficulty),  and difficulty speaking. These patients can exhibit pseudobulbar affect or "emotional lability". Voice quality can present in a mixed fashion since this is characterized as a Mixed Dysarthria: the voice can be hypernasal, strain/strangled, slow effortful, monopitch, monoloudness, decreased range of motion.
  • Stroke (Cerebrovascular Accident CVA): limited or no brain function due to loss of blood supply to the brain. This can be due to Ischemia - lack of blood flow caused by, a blockage (Thrombosis or Arterial Embolism or hemorrhage. Symptoms of strokes vary as does severity but they include inability to move one side of the body, inability to understand or formulate speech and inability to see one side of the visual field. Voice qualities and problems can vary dependent on the stoke, lesion location and severity.
  • Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): this is a closed or penetrating injury to the brain which can have varying symptoms and outcomes. It can be widespread  or focal damage. It is a major cause of disability and death. It is more common in males than females. Voice disorders concomitant with TBI vary depending on each patient. Often times a voice disorder that coexists with these disorders is termed as dysarthria.


Symptoms:

Parkinson's Disease:

The following symptoms may be present:
  • Breathy voice
  • Monopitch
  • Monoloudness
  • Short, fast rushes of speech
  • Trouble with initiating speech

Myasthenia Gravis:

The following symptoms may be present:
  • Monotone
  • Monoloudness
  • Fatigue with vocal use

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis:

The following symptoms may be present:
  • Strained and strangled sounding voice
  • Hyponasal vocal quality
  • Slow and effortful speech
  • Monoloudness (reduced volume)
  • Monopitch
  • Breathy voice

Stroke/CVA:

The quality of voice and symptoms depend on the location and the severity of the stoke.

Traumatic Brain Injury:

The quality of voice and symptoms depend on the location and the severity of the injury.

Treatment:


In regards to these neurogenic disorders treatment varies depending on the person and how they are affected. The treatment given may help the primary disease or disorder and in addition a voice treatment will be given such as Botox injections or surgery.  See the Treatment sections on Spasmodic Dysphonia and Paralysis/Paresis for some applicable information.

Functional Voice Therapy will be helpful for all these types of Neurogenic Disorders- depending on the symptoms presented voice therapy would work on: pitch, rate, timing, prosody, volume, stress (word and sentence), word finding, vocabulary and several different communication modalities: sign language, communication boards, Alternative Augmentative Communication devices (AAC) would also be an option for a patient who loses their ability to speak or if it becomes effortful over time. You can find more information here.


Parkinson's Disease, patients with voice disorders with PD have benefitted from the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT ). This treatment is specifically directed toward PD and focuses on intensive high effort speech exercises and increasing vocal loudness in a healthy way. For more information on LSVT, click here.

Here are two videos that may be helpful:

       Video 1: Think Big

       Video 2: Think Big, 2 Years Later

Myasthenia Gravis (MG) can be treated in different ways. As fatigue is an associated symptom that affect both gross motor movements and speech productions, oral medications that reduce fatigue are helpful. ALS, stroke & traumatic brain injury are all treated in various different ways, as the symptoms themselves are treated depending on their severity.

References:


Ramig, L., Verdolini, K. (1998). Treatment Efficacy Voice Disorders. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, (41), S101-S116.


Ramig, LO., Fox, C., Sapir, S. (2004). Parkinsons disease: speech and voice disorders and their treatment with the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment. Semin Speech Language. (2) 169-80.


Watts, C., Vanryckeghem, M. (2001).Laryngeal Dysfunction in ALS: a review and case report. BMC Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders. 1;1.




14 comments:

  1. As a sign of gratitude for how my husband was saved from the dreaded ALS, i decided to reach out to those still suffering from this.
    My husband was diagnosed of ALS in 2013 and it was really tough and heartbreaking for me because he was my all and the symptoms were terrible, he had difficulty swallowing, all his joints were dead and that made him immobile to mention but a few. we tried various therapies prescribed by our neurologist but none could cure him. I searched for a cure and i saw a testimony by someone who was cured and he left the contact of the doctor who had the cure in 2015. I never imagined ALS has a cure not until i contacted him and he assured me my husband will be fine. I got the herbal medication he recommended and my husband used it and in three months he was fully okay even up till this moment he is so full of life. ALS has a cure and it is a herbal cure contact the doctor for more info on josephalberteo@gmail.com on how to get the medication. Thanks for reading my story.

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    1. My father was diagnosed with ALS in the summer of 2013;  His initial symptoms were quite noticeable. He first experienced weakness in his right arm and his speech and swallowing abilities were profoundly affected. We all did our best to seek help for this disease, no medications they prescribed worked ,we were all scared we might lose him due to his condition, as he had been his brother's caregiver a few years earlier for the same disease before he passed. doctor recommend natural treatment from multivitamincare .org for his ALS we have no choice to give a try on natural organic treatment ,this herbal cure has effectively reverse my father condition ,losing his balance which led to stumbling and falling stop  after the completing the herbal supplement which include his weakness in his right arm and his speech, home remedies from multivitamincare .org is the best although their service is a little bit expensive but it worth it, they save lives.















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  2. My mother was diagnosed with ALS in May 2016. Her doctor put her on riluzole, letting her know there was no cure but the medication might provide her a few more months of delayed symptoms. ALS progresses at different rates and affects different body parts first. My mother, being 73 at the time, fell into a category of what they call "fast progression" (older female). Her arms weakened first, then her hands, her mouth, and throat, and finally her lungs. Throughout her two-and-a-half-year ordeal, she was able to walk with assistance nothing was really working to help her condition.I took her off the riluzole (with the doctor’s knowledge) and started her on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis herbal formula i ordered from Health Herbal Clinic, her symptoms totally declined over a 5 weeks use of the ALS disease natural herbal formula. She's now almost 75 and doing very well, the disease is totally reversed!! Visit there website www. healthherbalclinic. net

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  3. Great work! That was a very informative article. Thanks for sharing such useful information. I have found some interesting information on voice disorder centre in Kolkata.

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  4. Very informative article. Looking forward to more posts in near future. I have enjoyed reading your article. Great Work!
    Swallowing Therapy

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  5. Thanks to Dr Williams I am so happy today, my wife have been suffering from stroke for the past 8 years now, and i have spent a lot on western drugs which has all proved abortive, i have tried all means in life to get my wife out of this , but there was no answer until i decided to try herbal solution and i found Dr Williams online and i contacted him and after she took his medication as instructed, my wife is now completely cure from stroke within one month of usage, i am so much happy, thanks to Dr Williams for helping me get my wife life back again without any form of crisis, i promise to tell your name and good deeds to the whole world,if you have someone with stroke you can email him on drwilliams098675@gmail.com for more information .

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  6. My ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) symptoms started out with muscle weakness, stiffness and slurred speech. My primary physician prescribed riluzole and radicava to reduce symptoms and slow down progression but I could not tolerate them for long due to severe side effects. I decided to adopt a more natural approach and started on ALS Herbal formula from RICH HERBS FOUNDATION, the ALS natural formula immensely helped my condition, i had a total recovery from ALS with this natural herbal formula treatment. Rich herbs foundation official web site ww w. richherbsfoundation. co m. I feel alive again!

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  7. Very informative article. Looking forward to more posts in near future. I have also found some interersting info Hearing Loss Clinic in Kolkata

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  10. I had myasthenia gravis since 2015. I got medically discharged out of the Army, a job I loved well. My heart had 5 myasthenic crises, 3 being severe enough to be ventilated or require CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) helmet. I have had countless plasma exchanges as my veins are bad. I also needed Hickman lines inserted. I have been on azathioprine, mycophenolate (CellCept), methotrexate and none have worked. I'm currently done with my herbal remedy I purchase from totalcureherbsfoundation .com which has totally cured my condition with a surprise after almost four months of their usage, I was discouraged and never thought I would be myasthenia gravis (MG) free ,to me the best to get rid of this condition is totalcureherbsfoundation com treatment because all medications I used never worked include mycophenolate (CellCept).

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  11. I was diagnosed with ALS (Lou Gehrig's Disease) when I was 46 years old 2 years ago. The Rilutek (riluzole) did very little to help. The medical team did even less. My decline was rapid and devastating. my arms weakened first, then my hands and legs. Last year, a family friend told me about DOCTOR JAMES Herbal mix medicine and his effectiveness in treating l ALS , I contacted him. and ordered for his herbal mix medicine, i was happy to report the treatment effectively treated and reversed my Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), most of the symptoms stopped, i was able to walk and eat well, sleep well and exercise regularly., i'm pretty active now and my attitude is extremely positive.i joyfully recommend you to DR.JAMES because health is wealth this is a very bad experience with those living with ALS or any other diseases like Shingle,schizophrenia,Bipolar,Stroke, Parkinson's disease,Schizophrenia,Cancer,Scoliosis,Bladder Cancer,Colorectal Cancer,Breast Cancer,Kidney Cancer,Leukemia,Lung Cancer,Skin Cancer,Uterine Cancer,Prostate Cancer,Fibromyalgia,a
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